Figs — Food safety facts
Feed with care · Cats · full breakdown on the linked food page
Small amounts of fresh fig are fine; the milky sap and dry figs can upset the stomach in quantity.
Short answer
Fresh fig is usually safe in tiny amounts, but watch for any stomach upset. The plant's sap and dried figs are more likely to cause vomiting or diarrhea. Offer your cat some water, and call your vet if you notice signs like drooling or lethargy.