Suspect poisoning? US: ASPCA Poison Control (888) 426-4435 · UK: 01202 509 000 · Severe symptoms → nearest emergency vet now.

My 4‑month‑old Labrador was bitten on the front leg by a rattlesnake while hiking, what should I do?

Dogs · Emergency guide

Last reviewed: 2026-09-05 · Reference ranges: ASPCA, Pet Poison Helpline & Merck Veterinary Manual

Short answer

Yes, this is an emergency and you need to get your dog to an emergency veterinary clinic right away. Keep the dog as still and calm as possible, remove any collar if the face or neck is swelling, and do not cut, suck, or apply a tourniquet. Carry the dog, especially if it’s small, and transport it quickly to a facility that has antivenom, calling ahead so they can prepare. Call your nearest emergency vet now and let them know a viper or pit viper bite has occurred.

Why are snake bites so dangerous?

Venom can cause swelling, tissue destruction, bleeding problems and even paralysis. Cats and small dogs receive a proportionally larger dose. Dogs are most often bitten on the face or front legs while investigating.

Why speed matters

Delaying care significantly worsens outcomes. Some signs appear hours or days later, so "looks fine right now" is not a reason to wait.

Signs to watch for

  • One or two small puncture wounds, pain, swelling spreading over minutes–hours
  • Panting, restlessness, drooling
  • Weakness, shaking, wobbly walk
  • Bruising or bleeding from the wound or gums
  • Collapse, difficulty breathing, paralysis (severe)

What to do right now

  1. Keep your pet calm and still — movement spreads venom faster.
  2. Do NOT cut, suck, or apply a tourniquet. These make things worse.
  3. Remove the collar if the face/neck is swelling, and carry small pets.
  4. Get to the nearest emergency vet with antivenom; call ahead so they can prepare.
If your pet shows any of the signs above, go to the nearest emergency vet now and call ahead.

Open the full emergency guide: Snake Bites (Viper & Pit Viper) →