Short answer
Yes, it can, especially if your cat isn't used to grains. Plain cooked couscous is safe nutritionally, but a sudden new food or a large portion may lead to loose stools, gas, or vomiting due to simple intolerance. Some cats might also have a rare grain allergy, which could cause itchy skin or digestive upset. Offer just a tiny amount first to see how your cat reacts, and if diarrhoea or vomiting occurs, skip it next time and call your own vet if symptoms persist.
Couscous — Food safety facts
Safe to share · Cats · full breakdown on the linked food page
Plain cooked couscous is safe. Watch for added stock or seasoning.
The full verdict, portion guidance and serving notes are collected on the Couscous food facts page.