Short answer
A single pecan half is likely the upper limit for a cat. These nuts are very high in fat and prone to mould, so they're not a good treat even in tiny amounts. If your cat ate more than a small piece or seems lethargic after eating any, contact your veterinarian. For any amount, watch for signs of an upset stomach like vomiting or diarrhea.
Pecans — Food safety facts
Feed with care · Cats · full breakdown on the linked food page
Very fatty and prone to mould. Not toxic, but not a good treat either.
The full verdict, portion guidance and serving notes are collected on the Pecans food facts page.